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Koleksi Tamadun Pahang
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| Abstract : |
| This chapter studies the development of Malay nationalism by looking closely at its three foundational streams, namely right-wing Malay nationalism, left-wing Malay nationalism and religious-based Malay nationalism. An analysis of the historiography of Malay nationalism suggests that researchers have generally separated these three streams along ideological lines, without adequately highlighting converging interests and mutual factors that brought them together as part of an integrated nationalist discourse. Common points among them include their emphases on independence from colonial rule and defence of Malay-Muslim rights as an integral part of national identity. Contemporary historical studies have been inclined to focus on the left-wing and right-wing streams as binary opposites, while neglecting a systematic investigation of the religious stream, whose proponents are taken for granted as belonging to either one of the stripes on the ‘left-right’ ideological spectrum. Paradoxically, the importance of Islam in fuelling the Malay nationalist zeitgeist in the years leading to and immediately following independence in 1957 cannot be overstated. Religious-based Malay nationalism was however lost in the Cold War-influenced bipolar battle between capitalism and communism. Only in the 1970s did it re-appear in the form of the dakwah (propagation) movement amidst a global Islamic resurgence. |
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